Background: In traditional societies the elderly enjoyed great power and social status. But their situation along with that of the family has changed dramatically in today's urbanized and industrialized society, and this has created many problems for them. The substantial and continuous decline in mortality has increased the elderly population which in return has made them vulnerable to different types of abuses. The aim of the present study was to investigate the sociocultural FACTORS affecting elderly abuse in Isfahan, Iran.Methods: This research employed the survey method and the technique of data collection was a questionnaire. Research population consisted of all the elderly aged 60 years and above who were abused or mistreated and had contacted Isfahan's legal medical authorities. The sample included 62 such individuals. The research instrument had face validity and Cronbach's alpha (reliability) was 0.78. Analysis of variance and Pearson correlation coefficients were used.Findings: Physical abuse was at a minimum and economic and psychological abuses were more prevalent. There was a significant relation between elderly abuse and education (f=3.52, P=0.005), person who resided with the elderly (f=4.42, P=0.002), and socioeconomic status (r=0.592, P<0.001).Conclusion: Physical abuse of the elderly in Isfahan was relatively low but using their property without their permission and psychological abuse was more frequent. Concerted efforts should be exerted to prevent any kind of abuse.

Nowadays democracy is considered to be one of the most important parameters of development in new era. As a result, the trend toward democratization of a society’s culture is an essential step to achieve a stable development. In that case, identifying the relationship between acceptability of democracy and socialcultural FACTORS is very important. In this study, using the method of survey and questionnaire technique, a sample number of 385 students of University of Isfahan was chosen in the form of quota sampling. After distributing the questionnaires and then collecting the data hypothesis were tested. In statistical analysis of the research methods of descriptive statistics (mean, frequency, percent, etc) and inferential statistics (Pearson’s coefficient of correlation, regression, etc) has been used. Based on the results there is a significant relationship between gender and acceptability of democracy; that is more among men than women. It is 76% among men and 72% among women. Also the results suggest that it has a direct relationship with family structure, fatalism, socio-economic base, the amount of using media, and social trust. Furthermore there is no significant relationship between acceptability of democracy, education level, and how religious people are.

Of the ways to fight breast cancer and reduce deaths hazard due to early detection is one of early detection programs in women’s breast self- examination. Examining breast by oneself increase individuals knowledge of her breast health that helps in detecting breast cancer early. Different cultural, social, family and individual FACTORS play roles in women’s behavior about breast self- examination applying PEN-3 model in this study is to analyze FACTORS influencing on breast self-examination. The research is a descriptiveanalytical, cross-sectional type. Research community consists of women at fertility age of 20-49 in sari.Sample volume is 415 individuals and sampling method is cluster method. In this study, a 50-item questionnaire based on PEN-3 was used. Avestions were answered by Likert scoring method. Questionnaire was gathered by personal presence of questioners. Data was analyzed via descriptive statistics and logistic regression methods. Based on the study findings, the most significant positive behaviors related to perceptual FACTORS included effectiveness of disease background in family and relatives (73%), believing in breast selfexamination for pursuing health (93%) and the most important negative behaviors were shyness and modesty (83.9%) and increased worry (78.9%). The most remarkable positive behaviors regarding enabling FACTORS covered the skill to do breast examination oneself (35.2%), the availability of health and therapeutic centers (80.7%) and the most significant negative behavior was being busy and lack of time (85.3%). The most important positive behavior about nurturing FACTORS included family consent (68.9%) and the most significant negative one was the inappropriate treatment of health andtherapeutic personnel (61.8%). In this study, there is a meaningful difference between employment ages, education with PEN-3 model constituents. Since behaviors due to enabling and nurturing perceptual FACTORS have been important in doing or not doing breast self- examination; thus its worth to take measures to plan some educational and administrative intervention programs about women breast cancer early detection through sufficient knowledge of influential sociocultural FACTORS.

Introduction: Nowadays, achieving economic, political and cultural independence is considered as a significant component of development; it also requires pervasive and institutionalized national zeal amongst different classes of the society. In this regard, many financial experts have paid attention to producers and consumers’ supporting of the economy as well as the utilization of domestic capacities in various fields. Supporting the revival of domestic capacities to produce goods and services results in the formation of endogenous variables instead of exogenous ones, which would increase decision-and policy-making powers in economic, social, and cultural fields. The eighth clause on the general policies of the Resistive Economy asserts “ the promotion of consuming domestic goods” . Given the experience of many countries regarding their paths towards progress, the lower and middle classes’ state of welfare and livelihood in the society, as agents who are at the service of manufacturing firms, are a function of national zeal and economic empowerment of the society; it is also manifested in the growth of domestic production and consumption of domestic products. Considering these discussions, the main problem examined in this study involves the status of consumer nationalism along with identifying the most important FACTORS that affects it in Isfahan City...

Problem statement: Jā me’ Atiq Mosque of Isfahan is a grand outstanding ancient monument of the Islamic era. It has been a subject of interest for several studies, but most of them have simply covered its physical features, and its cultural and social aspects have been neglected. Moreover, Jā me’ Atiq Mosque of Isfahan is a monument that has continued to endure throughout centuries. Therefore, this research attempts to find cultural and social FACTORS influencing the historical importance of Jā me’ Atiq Mosque of Isfahan. Furthermore, it attempts to discover how these FACTORS have caused the physical and functional durability of this building over time, especially when the rules and craftsmanship of protection and restoration were not yet identified. Research objective: The purpose of this study is to identify sociocultural FACTORS influencing the durability of Jā me’ Atiq Mosque of Isfahan throughout history relying on historical references and documents (i. e. the mosque’ s inscriptions) and contemporary research. The results of this study can assist in developing the most convenient strategies for maintenance based on social participation and the preservation of life and structure of ancient sites. Research method: This study is based on the grounded theory, using data that have been systematically gathered and analyzed during the study. According to this theory, open coding was done at first until reaching a theoretical saturation. Then, codes were classified and analyzed until obtaining selected codes. Conclusion: Results show that five major cultural and social FACTORS have played a critical role in the endurance of Jā me Atiq Mosque of Isfahan, including attendance, participation, founding and dedication culture, variability, and modernity, which have protected Jā me’ Atiq Mosque of Isfahan from collapse for centuries.

Agricultural extension is the important part of agricultural knowledge Information system. This research investigated the role of sociocultural FACTORS that influence the acceptance of agricultural extension among farmers in Neyriz city. Neyriz Township is located in the southwest of Fars province. Because of the importance of the agricultural section in the occupational structure and the economy of Neyriz area, it is essential that this issue be further investigated, hence, some related social FACTORS were selected to be included in this study.The method of this research was survey and the tool of gathering information was questionnaire. The statistical population of the research included of 9821 farmers in the Neyriz. The sample group of 370 persons has been chosen through the stratified sampling method, with the probable desired precision of %5 and the confidence level of %95.The dependent variable of this research was "tendency toward agricultural extension", and selected independent variables included, fatalism, social status, belief in innovation, the rate of using mass media and social partnership.The results showed that all independent variables were significantly related to "tendency toward agricultural extension".Result of analysis multi regression show that independent variables such fatalism, social status, belief in innovation, the rate of using mass media and social partnership have significant relations with dependent variable and by them 45 percentage of total variance are examined.